Compared with wired systems, monitoring systems using WSNs could benefit from their obvious advantages like cable-free and plug and play deployment, which allows engineers to reduce time and cost for installation. Fortunately, with developments in Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) technology, wireless communications and digital electronics, the advent of wireless sensor network (WSN) technology brings new opportunities for structural health monitoring. In addition, installing these cabled sensors on large civil structures could sometimes interfere with their everyday normal operations. Such systems require electronic cables to deliver data sampled by limit sensors to a central device, which usually could be time consuming and expensive for installation and maintenance. Traditional wired monitoring systems have advantages in acquiring high-fidelity data and robustness, but they still have some drawbacks. With proper tools and techniques, continuous, real-time and automated monitoring systems could evaluate reliability of a structure, identify potential harmful factors and provide assessment for maintenance decisions during its service life. Then, structural health monitoring (SHM), which is defined as detecting changes to the material or geometric properties of structures, becomes essential to the safety of these structures. Due to aging, loadings, environmental conditions and extreme events like earthquakes, structures may deteriorate in their performance slowly, or be damaged severely. The safety of these structures during their normal operations cannot be neglected as any health problem as a result from them may cause severe life and property loss, which has happened many times in the past.
Civil infrastructure usually plays an important role in society’s prosperity.
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